Self in Interpersonal Communication

THE ego IN INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION SELF Definition of one(a)s identity, character, abilities, and attitudes, especi eachy in relation to persons or things knocked out(p)side oneself or itself. There ar choke fundamental aspects that make up the self 1. Self-concept Your self-concept is the way that you view yourself. 2. Self-aw beness Your self-awargonness is your fuckledge approximately yourself, including your insight. 3. Self-esteem Your vanity is how to a greater extent than(prenominal) than value you place on yourself. SELF CONCEPT The circumstance self-concept is a general term theatrical roled to refer to how individual regards or so or comprehends themselves.The self concept is how we think about and pass judgment ourselves. To be aw atomic number 18 of oneself is to stool a concept of oneself. Baumeister (1999) provides the following self concept definition The individuals legal opinion about himself or herself, including the persons attributes and wh o and what the self is. SELF-CONCEPT means your own view of yourself and it loafer include * How you see yourself * Your thoughts about yourself * Your beliefs about yourself * How you feel about yourself SOURCES 1. Others im mount ups If you want to find out how you see to some other batch, then you would at how other people finesse you.According to DeVito (2009), we look to people who be classical to us to see how they treat us. He states, If these important others think highly of you, you impart see this positive image of yourself reflected in their behaviors if they think little of you, youll see a more than controvert image 2. Your interpretations and evaluations Naturally, we evaluate and interpret our own behaviors. If we look pole at a certain communication event and find that the behavior we used goes against our beliefs, we bequeath feel depravityy. Lets say you are out with friends. Your friend asks you for your practiced opinion.If you tell them a lie, you might afterwards feel guilty because you value yourself as an honest person. 3. Cultural teachings Our culture teaches us how to think, believe, and act and much more. So how you define yourself is developed from your culture. In addition to your interpretations and evaluations, if you go against your cultural teachings, you whitethorn feel a sense of guilt or failure. For example, it is common to be married at a young age in the state of Utah. This is a cultural belief and attitude. If you were to be married after 30 old age old, it might be seen as against the cultural teaching to this sweep. . Social comparisons For example, if you want to find out if youare seen as a positive person, you could ask your friends if they think you act like a positive person. When we distort out to others to find out how we look, we usually go to those people that we find close to us and important This would include people like family members or close friends. We do this because we do we are m ore belike to get an honest answer from these people. The three sources of self-concept are * Social information and interactions- The positive and negative messages we live from others that shape our beliefs. social comparisons- How we think we measure up to other people * self-observation- Being able to monitoring device our thoughts which affect our behavior and our own interpretations and evaluations. Self Esteem and Self Worth (The expiration to which you value yourself) Refers to the extent to which we like accept or approve of ourselves or how much we value ourselves. Self esteem unceasingly involves a degree of evaluation and we whitethorn have either a positive or a negative view of ourselves. HIGH SELF ESTEEM i. e. we have a positive view of ourselves. This tends to lead to * Confidence in our own abilities Self acceptance * Not worrying about what others think * Optimism unhopeful SELF ESTEEM i. e. we have a negative view of ourselves. This tends to lead to * Lack o f confidence * inborn to be/look like someone else * Always worrying what others might think * Pessimism FACTORS There are 4 major factors that model self esteem. 1) THE REACTION OF OTHERS. If people admire us, flatter us, seek out our company, listen attentively and agree with us we tend to develop a positive self-image. If they avoid us, thoughtlessness us tell us things about ourselves that we dont want to hear we develop a negative self-image. ) COMPARISON WITH OTHERS. If the people we compare ourselves with (our reference group) appear to be more in(predicate), happier, richer, better looking than ourselves we tend to develop a negative self image BUT if they are less successful than us our image entrust be positive. 3) SOCIAL ROLES. Some social roles carry prestige e. g. doctor, air lane pilot, TV. Presenter, premiership footballer and this promotes self-esteem. Other roles carry stigma. E. g. prisoners, mental hospital patient or unemployed person. 4) IDENTIFICATION. Roles arent incisively out in that respect. They also become part of our personality i. . we identity with the positions we occupy, the roles we play and the groups we belong to. SELF sentience Self Awareness is having a clear perception of your personality, including strengths, weaknesses, thoughts, beliefs, motivation, and emotions. Self Awareness allows you to understand other people, how they perceive you, your attitude and your responses to them in the moment. The Johari Window The Johari window is a technique created by Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingham in 1955 in the joined States, used to help people better understands their family with self and others. Johari region 1 is also cognize as the electron orbit of free activity. This is the information about the person behavior, attitude, feelings, emotion, knowledge, obtain, skills, views, etc know by the person (the self) and know by the group (others). You are open about your thoughts and feelingsyou are aware of you r behaviors andhave an understanding of your skills rouse capabilities. Others that you are interacting with are aligned and understand your thoughts and feelings that you are communication, either verbally or non-verbally.They also have profile and awareness well-nigh your skills and capabilities or other knowledge or information. 2-Johari region 2 is what is known about a person by others in the group, but is extraterrestrial being by the person him/herself. The stratagem Spot is the area that is known to others but not to you. There may be behaviors that you are exhibiting or things that you are communicating that are affecting others in a particular way. You may be unsuspecting or perceive yourself as not having the ability to perform in a certain land site.However, those that you are interacting with dissolve see exactly how you feel or know from your behavioror prior experiencethat you do have skills and abilities toperform in a particular situation. 3- Johari region 3 is what is known to us but kept transcendental from, and therefore unknown, to others. This hidden or avoided self represents information, feelings, etc, anything that a person knows about him/self, but which is not revealed or is kept hidden from others. The hidden area could also include sensitivities, fears, hidden agendas, manipulative intentions, and secrets anything that a person knows but does not reveal, for whatever reason.Its natural for very personal and mysterious information and feelings to proceed hidden, indeed, certain information, feelings and experiences have no bearing on work, and so jell up and should re primary(prenominal) hidden. There may be some things that you know or are thinking in your head, or you may feel a particular way, however you decide to conceal this information and not distribute it with others. You may know that you have certain skills or abilities, but choose to not show this to others. Those close to you do not know what you are expe riencing in terms of thoughts and feelings, and may not know or your capabilities.It is hidden from them 4- Johari region 4 contains information, feelings, latent abilities, aptitudes, experiences etc, that are unknown to the person him/herself and unknown to others in the group. These unknown issues take a variety of forms they displace be feelings, behaviors, attitudes, capabilities, aptitudes, which outhouse be quite close to the surface, and which do-nothing be positive and useful, or they can be deeper aspects of a persons personality, influencing his/her behavior to various degrees.Large unknown areas would typically be expected in younger people, and people who lack experience or self-belief. The Unknown is the area that is blind to both yourself and to those around you. There may be things about yourself that you do not know, much(prenominal) as your own skills and abilities, even your own thoughts and feelings. Others around you might also have no visibility or knowledg e of these. Using the Johari Window for Self-Awareness If you are living with purpose and striving to reach your goals, where do you want to be in the Johari Window?You will want to be playing within the undetermined SELF The more open and honest you are in your thoughts and feelings, your communications and your behaviors, the more that those around you will have a clear understanding around what it is that you value, what you are trying to achieve and therefore will actually have the ability to help you reach where it is that you want to go. When youre playing in the Arena, you are completely aware of your skills and abilities and you will become more impressive and productive as your interactions and communications with those around you.The Arena is the playing field where trust and relationships are established and cooperation is at its highest. Lets give the axe to the HIDDEN SELF. This is where you are potentially hiding or concealing thoughts or feelings or any other infor mation thatis unknown to others. Now, theres nothing wrong with concealing information and holding offstage thoughts and feelings to you. However, for someone to be able to help you in a certain situation, they will lead to know where you currently stand and what your thoughts, feelings or knowledge ison the subject.The more you can be open and honest and reveal certain things about yourself, the more those others will be able to gain an insight into who you are and how you operate. By doing this, you will urinate trust, enhance your relationships and when it comes to pursuing your goals, those around you will be able to start helping you get there The more you can reveal about yourself, the more you will flip ones wig yourself into the Arena and start enhancing your relationships, legislate more effectively and perform at higher levels.Similarly when it comes to skill sets and capability, the more you can openly share and reveal around these, the more that others will have an awareness of where they can help you by coaching, mentoring, teaching or providing support or guidance. Now onto the Blind Spot. This is the fun area This is the area that you really need to minimize to ensure you are self-aware around your behaviors and impact on others, and to ensure you can perform at your highest ability. What dont you know about yourself? Arent you strange to find out? How do you find out something about yourself when you dont know what you need to find out?Feedback Ask for feedback. Dont be afraid to request feedback from others whenever or whoever that may be. There may be things that you are doing that you do not know that you are doing This is not a productive space to be in. Feedback is essential for building your self-awareness and can help you learn and break out how to communicate or perform in a more effective and productive way. When it comes to skill and ability, asking for feedback is essential for learning and development and helping you make y our way into the Arena where you can be more effective at pursuing your goals.The Unknown area is the area you want to try stay out of. community with low self-belief or that are inexperienced may fall into this quadrant. You may not know what your skills and capabilities are, and others may not have had any opportunity to witness any of these. Self-limiting beliefs or feelings or attitudes that holdyou back can preventyou from discovering certain things about yourself. Perhaps its a fear of entering into the unknown. On many occasions, and individual that spends time in this area may need to break out of their easiness zone to start entering one of the other quadrants.Trying new experiences and testing your limits can help you discover more about yourself and your skills and abilities. Working closely and building relationships with others may help them identify certain traits that they can point out for you. Similar to the blind spot, seeking feedback can help you identify certa in traits and build your self-awareness. In addition to using the Johari Window, there are five other ways in which we can increase our self-awareness. 1. Ask yourself about yourself. 2. Listen to others. 3. Actively seek information about yourself. 4. See your polar selves. . Increase your open self. SELF disclosure Self-disclosure is both the conscious and subconscious act of revealing more about oneself to others. This may include, but is not limited to, thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, dreams as well as ones likes, dislikes, and favourites. Factors Influencing Self-Disclosure Many factors influence whether or not you break down, what you disclose, and to whom you disclose. Among the nigh important factors are who you are, your culture, your gender, who your attenders are, and your topic and channel.Who You Are Highly sociable and upcoming people self-disclose more than those who are less sociable and more introverted. People who are comfo rtable communicating also self-disclose more than those who are apprehensive about talking in general. Competent people adopt in self-disclosure more than less competent people. Perhaps competent people have greater potency and more positive things to reveal. Similarly, their self-confidence may make them more willing to risk possible negative reactions.Your Culture Different cultures view self-disclosure diametrically. Some culturesview disclosing inner feelings as a weakness. Among some groups, for example, it would be considered out of place for a man to cry at a happy occasion much(prenominal) as a wedding, whereas in some Latin cultures that same display of emotion would go unnoticed. Similarly, its considered undesirable in Japan for workplace colleagues to reveal personal information, whereas in much of the United States its expected. Important similarities also exist across cultures.For example, people from Great Britain, Germany, the United States, and Puerto Rico are al l more apt to disclose personal informationhobbies, interests, attitudes, and opinions on politics and religionthan information on finances, sex, personality, or interpersonal relationships. Similarly, one study showed self-disclosure patterns mingled with American males to be virtually identical to those amidst Korean males. Your Gender The popular stereotype of gender differences in self-disclosure emphasizes males reluctance to speak about them.For the most part, research supports this view women do disclose more than men. Women disclose more than men about their precedent romantic relationships, their feelings for close same-sex friends, their greatest fears, and what they dont like about their partners. Women also increase the astuteness of their disclosures as a relationship becomes more intimate, whereas men seem not to change their self-disclosure levels. In addition, for women, there are fewer taboo topics. Finally, women self-disclose more to members of their extended families than men. One notable exception occurs in sign encounters.Here, men will disclose more intimate information than women, perhaps in order to bidding the relationships development. Still another exception may be found in a study of Americans and Argentineans here males indicated a significantly greater willingness to self-disclose than females. Your Listeners Self-disclosure occurs more readily in tenuous groups than in large groups. Dyads, or groups of two people, are the most hospitable setting for self-disclosure. With one listener you can monitor your disclosures, continuing if theres support from your listener and stopping if not.With more than one listener, such monitoring becomes difficult, because the listeners responses are sure to vary. Research shows that you disclose most to people you like and to people you trust. You also come to like those to whom you disclose. At times, self-disclosure occurs more in temporary than in permanent relationshipsfor example, bet ween strangers on a train or plane, in a kind of in-flight intimacy. In this situation two people establish an intimate, self-disclosing relationship during a brief period of travel, but they dont pursue the connection beyond that point.You are more likely to disclose when the person you are with discloses. This dyadic effect (what one person does, the other person also does) probably leads you to feel more desex and reinforces your own self-disclosing behavior. Disclosures are also more intimate when theyre made in response to the disclosures of others. This dyadic effect, however, is not universal across all cultures. For example, although Americans are likely to follow the dyadic effect and repay with explicit, verbal self-disclosure, Koreans arent.As you can appreciate, this easily results in intercultural differences for example, an American may be insulted if his or her Korean vis-a-vis doesnt reciprocate with self-disclosures that are similar in depth. Your Topic and Chann el You also are more likely to disclose about some topics than others. For example, youre more likely to self-disclose information about your ponder or hobbies than about your sex life or financial situation. Further, youre more likely to disclose favorable rather than unfavorable information. Generally, the more personal and negative the topic, the less likely you are to self-disclose.SELF DISCLOSURE REWARDS 1. Self-knowledge. One of the benefits of self-disclosure is that we gain new perspectives about themselves and a deeper understanding about our own behavior. In therapy, for example, views into the a good deal arise when the client is doing self-disclosure. Clients may be aware of aspects of behavior or relationships which have not know it. Because, through self-disclosure, we can understand ourselves in depth. 2. Ability to Overcome Difficulties. Another closely related assembly line is that we will be better able to overcome our problems or difficulties, in particular fee lings of guilt, through self-disclosure.One queen-sized fear is present in many people is that they are not environmentally acceptable because of a certain secret, because of something they once did, or because of certain feelings or attitudes they have. Because we believe that these things are the basis of rejection (rejection), we build a sense of guilt. By expressing such feelings and receive support, not rejection, we become better prepared to cope with feelings of guilt and perhaps reduce or even eliminate them altogether. 3. Even self-acceptance (self-acceptance) becomes difficult without self-disclosure.We accept ourselves largely through the eyes of others. If we feel other people reject us, we tend to deny ourselves as well. Through self-disclosure and supports that come, we put ourselves in a better position to capture the positive response to us, and we will be more likely to react by developing a positive self-concept. 4. Efficiency of Communication. Disclosure of self- improving communication. We understand the messages from other people as far as we understand most of the others individually. We can better understand what someone says if we know the better person.We can know what the meaning of certain nuances, if that person is being serious and when he was joking, and when he became sarcastic or when Im angry. Self-disclosure is a necessary condition to get to know other people. You can only examine a persons behavior or even live with him for years, but if that person never reveals himself, you do not understand the person as a whole person. 5. Depth Communications. Perhaps the main reason for the importance of self-disclosure is that it is necessary to foster a pregnant relationship between two people.Without self-disclosure, meaningful and deep relationships are not possible. Through self-disclosure, we tell others that we trust them, respect them, and they will care decorous and will link us to express ourselves to them. It then will make others want to open up and establish at least the beginning of a relationship that is meaningful, honest and open relationship and that relationship just improvise. SELF DISCLOSURE DANGERS In weighing any decision to self-disclosure, consider the potential dangers own(prenominal) RisksThe more you reveal about yourself to others, the more areas of your life you expose to possible attack. Especially in the agonistic context of work (or even romance), the more that others know about you, the more theyll be able to use against you Relationship Risks Even in close and long-lasting relationships, self-disclosure can cause problems. Parents, normally the most corroborative people in most individuals lives, frequently reject children who disclose their homosexuality, their plans to marry someone of a different race, or their belief in another faith.Your best friendsyour closest intimatesmay reject you for similar self-disclosures. schoolmaster Risks Sometimes self-disclosure may resul t in professional or material losses. Politicians who disclose that they have been in therapy may lose the support of their own political party and find that voters are unwilling to vote for them. Teachers who disclose disagreement with school administrators may find themselves being denied tenure, teaching undesirable schedules, and becoming victims of compute cuts. In the business world self-disclosures of alcoholism or drug addiction often result in dismissal, demotion, or social exclusion. Remember too that self-disclosure, like any other communication, is irreversible. You cannot self-disclose and then take it back. Nor can you erase the conclusions and inferences listeners make on the basis of your disclosures. Remember, too, to examine the rewards and dangers of self-disclosure in terms of particular cultural rules. As with all cultural rules, following the rules about self-disclosure brings approval, and violating them brings disapproval.